Cold winter temperatures can wreak havoc on your home’s plumbing. Freezing pipes are a common problem that can lead to costly repairs if they burst. Here are some essential steps to protect your plumbing and ensure your pipes stay safe through the winter months.
1. Insulate Exposed Pipes
Pipes in unheated areas, such as basements, attics, crawl spaces, and garages, are more vulnerable to freezing. Wrap these exposed pipes with foam pipe insulation, which you can find at any hardware store. Pipe insulation is an affordable way to protect your plumbing from the cold and reduce the risk of freezing.
2. Seal Gaps and Cracks
Cold air can seep into your home through gaps and cracks in walls, floors, and around windows and doors. Even small drafts can cause nearby pipes to freeze. Inspect your home for any gaps, and seal them with caulk or foam insulation. Pay close attention to areas around pipes that exit your home, as these are common spots for drafts.
3. Use Pipe Heating Cables in High-Risk Areas
For pipes that are especially prone to freezing, consider installing pipe heating cables. These cables wrap around the pipe and emit low-level heat to prevent freezing. They’re particularly useful for pipes in unheated spaces like crawl spaces or garages. Be sure to follow the manufacturer’s instructions, and choose cables with a thermostat for maximum efficiency and safety.
4. Disconnect and Drain Outdoor Hoses
Leaving hoses connected to outdoor faucets can trap water inside, which can freeze and burst both the hose and the faucet. Disconnect all hoses and drain any water from outdoor spigots. Consider covering the spigots with an insulated cover to keep them protected throughout the winter.
5. Shut Off and Drain Outdoor Faucets
If your home has a shut-off valve for outdoor faucets, turn it off and drain any remaining water from the pipes. This step will reduce the chance of water freezing inside the pipes connected to outdoor spigots. Leaving outdoor faucets open and drained will help prevent freezing and bursting.
6. Keep the Heat Consistent Indoors
During cold snaps, set your thermostat to a consistent temperature, even at night. Pipes are more likely to freeze if temperatures drop suddenly, so keeping a steady indoor temperature can help. Aim to keep your thermostat at least 55°F (13°C), especially if you plan to be away from home.
7. Open Cabinet Doors
For pipes located inside cabinets—such as under the kitchen sink or bathroom sink—open the cabinet doors to allow warm air to circulate around the pipes. This simple step can make a big difference in preventing pipes from freezing, especially during cold spells.
8. Let Faucets Drip on Cold Nights
Running water is less likely to freeze than stagnant water. During particularly cold nights, let faucets drip slightly, especially those on exterior walls. This small flow of water can relieve pressure within the pipes and help prevent them from bursting if they do begin to freeze.
9. Inspect Your Water Heater
Winter is the time when water heaters work the hardest. Give yours a quick inspection to ensure it’s in good condition, especially if it’s located in an unheated space. Consider wrapping it in an insulating blanket to conserve energy and prevent it from working overtime.
10. Know the Location of Your Main Water Shut-Off Valve
If a pipe does freeze and burst, knowing how to quickly shut off the water can save you from extensive water damage. Locate your main water shut-off valve and ensure everyone in your household knows where it is and how to use it in case of an emergency.
Winterizing your plumbing takes just a few simple steps, but it can save you from the headaches of frozen pipes and potential water damage. By following these tips, you’ll be well prepared to keep your plumbing safe and sound through the winter months.
